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Screening for Hearing Loss in the Elderly Using DPOAEs, Pure-Tones, and a Self-Assessment Tool

St. John's University, Long Island AuD Consortium

Purpose: To determine if distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) could be used as a hearing screening tool with elderly individuals living independently. A second aim was to compare the utility of different screening protocols: (1) three pure-tone screening protocols consisting of 30 dB HL at 1, 2 & 3 kHz, 40 dB HL at 1, 2 & 3k Hz or 40 dB HL at 1 & 2 kHz; (2) Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE-S); (3) pure-tones at 40 dB HL at 1 & 2 kHz plus the HHIE-S; and (4) DPOAEs.

Method: 106 elderly individuals 65–91 years old were screened using the above protocols.

Results: Pass/fail results showed that most individuals failed at 30 dB HL, followed by DPOAEs, the 40 dB HL protocols, the HHIE-S alone and the combined pure-tone/HHIE-S protocol. All screening results were associated except the HHIE-S and 30 dB HL and the HHIE-S and DPOAEs. The McNemar analysis revealed that the differences between the correlated pass/fail results were significant except for the HHIE-S and 40 dB at 1 & 2 kHz.

Conclusion: DPOAEs can be used to screen the elderly, with the advantage that individuals do not have to voluntarily respond to the test.

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